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Heartbeat Monitoring Using AD8232 Module(IoT Project)

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The Heartbeat Monitoring System using the AD8232 module is designed to measure and display heart rate data. The AD8232 is a specialized integrated circuit designed for extracting, amplifying, and filtering small biopotential signals in noisy environments, making it ideal for heart rate monitoring. This system captures the electrical activity of the heart, processes the signal, and sends the data to a computer for real-time monitoring through serial communication.

Project : 4


Description

The Heartbeat Monitoring System using the AD8232 module is designed to measure and display heart rate data. The AD8232 is a specialized integrated circuit designed for extracting, amplifying, and filtering small biopotential signals in noisy environments, making it ideal for heart rate monitoring. This system captures the electrical activity of the heart, processes the signal, and sends the data to a computer for real-time monitoring through serial communication.


Required Components

  1. Arduino Board: The main microcontroller that processes the data from the AD8232 module.
  2. AD8232 Heart Rate Monitor Module: A sensor module that measures the electrical activity of the heart (ECG signal).
    • Electrodes: To be attached to the body to pick up the heart's electrical signals.
    • Leads: Connect the electrodes to the AD8232 module.
  3. Connecting Wires: For establishing connections between the Arduino and the AD8232 module.
  4. Power Supply: Adequate power supply for the Arduino and the AD8232 module.

Working Principle

  1. Initialization:
    • The Arduino initializes serial communication to allow data to be sent to a computer for monitoring.
    • The digital pins 10 and 11 are set up for leads-off detection, which helps in identifying if the electrodes are properly attached.

  2. Lead-Off Detection:
    • The AD8232 module has leads-off detection pins (LO+ and LO-) that go high if the electrodes are not properly attached to the body.
    • The Arduino reads the state of these pins to determine if the electrodes are in place.

  3. Data Acquisition:
    • If the leads are off (either LO+ or LO- is high), the system sends a '!' character to the serial monitor to indicate an issue.
    • If the leads are properly attached (both LO+ and LO- are low), the Arduino reads the analog signal from the AD8232 module via the A0 pin.
    • This analog signal represents the heart's electrical activity and is sent to the serial monitor.

  4. Data Transmission:
    • The Arduino continuously reads the ECG signal and sends the data to the serial monitor for real-time visualization.
Circuit Diagram:

Code:
void setup() {

  // Initialize the serial communication:

  Serial.begin(9600);

  pinMode(10, INPUT); // Setup for leads off detection LO +

  pinMode(11, INPUT); // Setup for leads off detection LO -

}

 

void loop() {

  if((digitalRead(10) == 1)||(digitalRead(11) == 1)){

    Serial.println('!');

  }

  else {

    // Send the value of analog input 0:

    Serial.println(analogRead(A0));

  }

  // Wait for a bit to keep serial data from saturating

  delay(1);

}


Conclusion

The Heartbeat Monitoring System using the AD8232 module is an effective tool for real-time heart rate monitoring. By capturing and processing the heart's electrical activity, the system provides valuable data that can be used for health monitoring and diagnostic purposes. The leads-off detection feature ensures accurate readings by alerting the user if the electrodes are not properly attached. This system can be further enhanced by integrating a display for standalone operation or developing a user interface for better visualization and analysis of the heart rate data.





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