Bluetooth Control Car( Robotic Project)

Project : 5

1. Introduction

This proposal outlines the development of a Bluetooth-controlled car using an Arduino microcontroller. This car will be controllable remotely using a smartphone or tablet, offering a fun and educational introduction to robotics and electronics.

2. Objectives

• Design and build a car chassis using readily available materials.
• Select and integrate an Arduino board and Bluetooth module for wireless communication.
• Develop and implement control software on the Arduino for movement (forward, backward, turn left, turn right, stop).
• Design a user interface for the smartphone/tablet app to control the car's movement. (This proposal focuses on the Arduino and car build, excluding the app development).
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3.  Materials

• Arduino Uno (or compatible board)
• HC-05 Bluetooth Module
• L298N Motor Driver Module
• DC Motors (2x)
• Battery Pack (e.g., Li-ion)
• Breadboard and Jumper Wires
• Wheels and Chassis (pre-built or DIY)
• Additional components (e.g., caster wheel, mounting hardware)
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4. Hardware Design

• The car chassis will be constructed using materials like acrylic, wood, or Lego.
• The Arduino board will be mounted securely on the chassis.
• The L298N motor driver module will be connected to the Arduino to control the DC motors responsible for movement.
• The HC-05 Bluetooth module will be interfaced with the Arduino for wireless communication with the smartphone/tablet app.
• A battery pack will provide power to the entire system.
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5. Software Development

• Arduino IDE will be used to program the Arduino board.
• The code will receive commands from the Bluetooth module and translate them into motor control signals for forward, backward, left, right, and stop functionalities.
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7. Expansion and Future Work

• The car can be enhanced by incorporating additional features like:
• Sensors (e.g., ultrasonic sensor) for obstacle detection and line following.
• LEDs for light effects or status indicators.
• A smartphone app for a more intuitive user interface.
• The project can be adapted to explore different locomotion mechanisms (e.g., tank treads, omnidirectional wheels)
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• Code:

  //This program is used to control a robot using a app that communicates with Arduino through a bluetooth module.

   

  #define in1 5 //L298n Motor Driver pins.

  #define in2 6

  #define in3 10

  #define in4 11

  #define LED 13

  int command; //Int to store app command state.

  int Speed = 204; // 0 - 255.

  int Speedsec;

  int buttonState = 0;

  int lastButtonState = 0;

  int Turnradius = 0; //Set the radius of a turn, 0 - 255 Note:the robot will malfunction if this is higher than int Speed.

  int brakeTime = 45;

  int brkonoff = 1; //1 for the electronic braking system, 0 for normal.

  void setup() {

    pinMode(in1, OUTPUT);

    pinMode(in2, OUTPUT);

    pinMode(in3, OUTPUT);

    pinMode(in4, OUTPUT);

    pinMode(LED, OUTPUT); //Set the LED pin.

    Serial.begin(9600);  //Set the baud rate to your Bluetooth module.

  }

   

  void loop() {

    if (Serial.available() > 0) {

      command = Serial.read();

      Stop(); //Initialize with motors stoped.

      switch (command) {

        case 'F':

          forward();

          break;

        case 'B':

          back();

          break;

        case 'L':

          left();

          break;

        case 'R':

          right();

          break;

        case 'G':

          forwardleft();

          break;

        case 'I':

          forwardright();

          break;

        case 'H':

          backleft();

          break;

        case 'J':

          backright();

          break;

        case '0':

          Speed = 100;

          break;

        case '1':

          Speed = 140;

          break;

        case '2':

          Speed = 153;

          break;

        case '3':

          Speed = 165;

          break;

        case '4':

          Speed = 178;

          break;

        case '5':

          Speed = 191;

          break;

        case '6':

          Speed = 204;

          break;

        case '7':

          Speed = 216;

          break;

        case '8':

          Speed = 229;

          break;

        case '9':

          Speed = 242;

          break;

        case 'q':

          Speed = 255;

          break;

      }

      Speedsec = Turnradius;

      if (brkonoff == 1) {

        brakeOn();

      } else {

        brakeOff();

      }

    }

  }

   

  void forward() {

    analogWrite(in1, Speed);

    analogWrite(in3, Speed);

  }

   

  void back() {

    analogWrite(in2, Speed);

    analogWrite(in4, Speed);

  }

   

  void left() {

    analogWrite(in3, Speed);

    analogWrite(in2, Speed);

  }

   

  void right() {

    analogWrite(in4, Speed);

    analogWrite(in1, Speed);

  }

  void forwardleft() {

    analogWrite(in1, Speedsec);

    analogWrite(in3, Speed);

  }

  void forwardright() {

    analogWrite(in1, Speed);

    analogWrite(in3, Speedsec);

  }

  void backright() {

    analogWrite(in2, Speed);

    analogWrite(in4, Speedsec);

  }

  void backleft() {

    analogWrite(in2, Speedsec);

    analogWrite(in4, Speed);

  }

   

  void Stop() {

    analogWrite(in1, 0);

    analogWrite(in2, 0);

    analogWrite(in3, 0);

    analogWrite(in4, 0);

  }

   

  void brakeOn() {

    //Here's the future use: an electronic braking system!

    // read the pushbutton input pin:

    buttonState = command;

    // compare the buttonState to its previous state

    if (buttonState != lastButtonState) {

      // if the state has changed, increment the counter

      if (buttonState == 'S') {

        if (lastButtonState != buttonState) {

          digitalWrite(in1, HIGH);

          digitalWrite(in2, HIGH);

          digitalWrite(in3, HIGH);

          digitalWrite(in4, HIGH);

          delay(brakeTime);

          Stop();

        }

      }

      // save the current state as the last state,

      //for next time through the loop

      lastButtonState = buttonState;

    }

  }

  void brakeOff() {

   

  }

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