Electromagnet with Compass(STEAM Education)

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To understand the concept of electromagnetism and explore the direction of magnetic fields and poles.

Project : 30

Electromagnet with Compass

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Project Aim:

To understand the concept of electromagnetism and explore the direction of magnetic fields and poles.

Components Used:

1. Power Supply

2. Electromagnetic Coil (Iron Core)

3. Transistor NPN

4. Push Button

5. Resistor 1K

6. Connecting Wires

Circuit Diagram:

Connection Procedure:

Step 1: Plug one terminal of the electromagnetic coil (Iron Core) to Pin66 and plug the other terminal of the electromagnetic coil to Pin68.

Step 2: Connect the positive terminal of the Power Supply (Pin 62) to one end of the Push Button (Pin 57).

Step 3: Connect the other end of the Push Button (Pin 58) to one end of the 1K Resistor (Pin 5).

Step 4: Connect the other end of the 1K Resistor (Pin 6) to the Base of the NPN Transistor (Pin 30).

Step 5: Connect the Emitter of the NPN Transistor (Pin 29) to the negative terminal of the Power Supply (Pin 59).

Step 6: Connect the Collector of the NPN Transistor (Pin 31) to one terminal of the Electromagnetic Coil (Pin 67).

Step 7: Connect the other terminal of the Electromagnetic Coil (Pin 65) to the positive terminal of the Power Supply (Pin 62).

To verify the successful operation of the project, take the compass near to the electromagnetic coil and press then Push Button. Then, observe the behavior of the magnetic compass placed near the coil. The needle of the compass should respond to the presence of the magnetic field generated by the coil. You should observe the needle deflecting and aligning itself with the direction of the magnetic field, indicating that the circuit is functioning as intended and producing the expected electromagnetic effect.

Explanation:

In this project, we've set up a circuit comprising a switch, a transistor, a coil, and other necessary components connected in series. When the switch is closed, power is supplied to the base of the transistor. The transistor, functioning as a switch, allows the power to flow to the coil. According to the law of electromagnetism, whenever there's a change in the electric field, a magnetic field is generated. This means that moving electric currents produce magnetic fields. To observe the output of the magnetic field's direction and poles, we place a magnetic compass near the coil.