Transistor as a Switch(STEAM Education)
To understand how a transistor works as a switch.
Project : 33
Transistor as a Switch
If you want to post your project ,research or any document related to Ai,Ml,IoT,Robotics then please email us with your image ,details and your project at blog@nepatronix.org
Project Aim:
To understand how a transistor works
as a switch.
Components Used:
1. Power Supply
2. Transistor NPN
3. Push Button
4. LED
5. Resistor 220Ω & 1K
6. Connecting Wires
Circuit Diagram:
Connection Procedure:
Step
1: Connect the positive terminal of the
power supply (Pin 62) to one end of the push button (Pin 57).
Step
2: Connect the other end of the push
button (Pin 58) to one end of the 1K ohm resistor (R3, Pin 5).
Step
3: Connect the other end of the 1K ohm
resistor (R3, Pin 6) to the Base of the Transistor (Pin 30).
Step
4: Connect the Emitter of the Transistor
(Pin 29) to the negative terminal of the power supply (Pin 59).
Step
5: Connect the collector of the
Transistor (Pin 31) to the cathode of the LED (Pin 44).
Step
6: Connect the positive terminal (Pin
62) of the power supply to one end of the 220Ω resistor (R2, Pin 3).
Step
7: Connect the other end of the 220Ω
resistor (R2, Pin 4) to the Anode of the LED (Pin 43).
Step
8: Press the push button to allow
current to flow through the circuit, activating the NPN transistor and causing
the LED to light up.
Explanation:
Transistors are essential components for both
switching and amplification tasks. Unlike traditional relays, transistors offer
enhanced reliability and cost-effectiveness due to their solid-state nature.
Operating in three modes - Active, Saturation, and Cut-off - transistors
facilitate switching operations across these regions.
In this project, we demonstrate the
transistor's switching capabilities by connecting it to a battery and LED.
Initially, when power is applied at the transistor's base, it remains in the
cut-off region, yielding no output. As the base voltage increases, the
transistor transitions to the active region, enabling the LED to light up.
Finally, as the base voltage further rises, the transistor enters saturation,
maintaining a constant output regardless of further supply changes. Through
this experiment, we explore the transistor's dynamic behavior as a switch,
enhancing our understanding of its operational principles.