Smart Cold Storage(IoT Projects Agriculture)

Project : 44

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IoT Projects Agriculture Smart cold storage is a modern way to store food that uses high-tech sensors and computer systems to keep items like fruits, vegetables, and other perishable goods fresh for longer. It monitors things like temperature and humidity, adjusting conditions automatically to prevent spoilage. This technology also helps save energy and improves overall efficiency, making sure food stays safe and of good quality until it reaches your table.IoT Projects Agriculture

Description:

Smart cold storage uses fancy sensors and computers to keep an eye on things like temperature and humidity inside storage rooms. It collects data on how conditions are doing and sends alerts if something isn't right. The system can adjust settings automatically to keep fruits, vegetables, and other perishable items fresh for longer. This technology also helps save energy and makes sure your food stays safe until it's ready to be sold or used.Top of FormBottom of Form

Components Used:

Ø Two channel relay.

Ø 5 volt power adapter.

Ø MIST sensor.

Ø Fan.

Ø Power supply.

Ø DHT 11 sensor.

Ø ESP32.   

Two Channel Relay:

A two-channel relay is a modular device consisting of two individual relays housed in a single unit. It allows for the independent control of two separate electrical circuits, typically by means of an external signal or control input. Each relay can act as a switch, opening or closing its respective circuit based on the input signals received.

• Function: Control high-voltage devices (like compressors or heaters) using low-voltage signals from ESP32.
• Usage: Ensures precise temperature control and energy efficiency.

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·     5V Power Adapter

Defination: Providing a modest voltage of 5V, they efficiently power everyday gadgets like smartphones, tablets, USB hubs, and small electronic devices. The 5V standard gained prevalence due to its compatibility with USB devices, a widely used interface for charging and data transfer.

MIST SENSOR

•  Defination: A MIST sensor is a compact, integrated device that combines micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) technology with intelligent sensing, signal processing, and transduction functionalities. It is designed to detect physical phenomena such as temperature, pressure, motion, and chemical properties, and convert them into electrical signals for analysis and monitoring.

·        Role: Generates fine mist to regulate humidity levels within the cold storage.

• Benefits: Prevents dehydration of stored perishable goods.

 ESP32 Microcontroller

•  Defination:  The ESP32 is a low-cost, low-power system-on-chip (SoC) microcontroller with integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities. It is designed for a wide range of applications, including embedded systems, IoT devices, and smart home solutions. The ESP32 combines a dual-core processor, advanced peripherals, and extensive connectivity options, providing a comprehensive solution for developers looking to create connected devices.
• Function: Central processing unit for the IoT-based cold storage system.
• Features: WiFi connectivity, data processing, and interface with cloud platforms.
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• Code:
  

  #include "DHT.h"

   

  #define DHTPIN 4

  #define DHTTYPE DHT11

   

  #define FAN_RELAY_PIN 26      // Pin for controlling the fan relay

  #define MIST_RELAY_PIN 25     // Pin for controlling the mist maker relay

   

  DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);

   

  // Adjustable thresholds

  const float tempThreshold = 30.0;  // Temperature threshold for turning on the fan

  const float tempHysteresis = 1.0;  // Hysteresis margin for temperature

   

  const float humidityThreshold = 40.0;  // Humidity threshold for turning on the mist maker

  const float humidityHysteresis = 5.0;  // Hysteresis margin for humidity

   

  bool isFanOn = false;

  bool isMistMakerOn = false;

   

  void setup() {

    Serial.begin(9600);

    Serial.println(F("DHT11 test!"));

   

    dht.begin();

   

    pinMode(FAN_RELAY_PIN, OUTPUT);

    pinMode(MIST_RELAY_PIN, OUTPUT);

   

    digitalWrite(FAN_RELAY_PIN, HIGH);  // Ensure the fan is off at start

    digitalWrite(MIST_RELAY_PIN, HIGH); // Ensure the mist maker is off at start

  }

   

  void loop() {

    delay(2000);

   

    float h = dht.readHumidity();

    float t = dht.readTemperature();

   

    if (isnan(h) || isnan(t)) {

      Serial.println(F("Failed to read from DHT sensor!"));

      return;

    }

   

    Serial.print(F("Humidity: "));

    Serial.print(h);

    Serial.print(F("%  Temperature: "));

    Serial.print(t);

    Serial.println(F("°C"));

   

    // Control logic for temperature with hysteresis

    if (t > tempThreshold && !isFanOn) {

      digitalWrite(FAN_RELAY_PIN, LOW);  // Turn on the fan

      isFanOn = true;

      Serial.println(F("Fan turned ON"));

    } else if (t < (tempThreshold - tempHysteresis) && isFanOn) {

      digitalWrite(FAN_RELAY_PIN, HIGH);   // Turn off the fan

      isFanOn = false;

      Serial.println(F("Fan turned OFF"));

    }

   

    // Control logic for humidity with hysteresis

    if (h < humidityThreshold && !isMistMakerOn) {

      digitalWrite(MIST_RELAY_PIN, HIGH); // Turn on the mist maker

      isMistMakerOn = true;

      Serial.println(F("Mist maker turned ON"));

    } else if (h > (humidityThreshold + humidityHysteresis) && isMistMakerOn) {

      digitalWrite(MIST_RELAY_PIN, LOW);  // Turn off the mist maker

      isMistMakerOn = false;

      Serial.println(F("Mist maker turned OFF"));

    }

  }

   

  Conclusion

  The project involves the development of an automated environmental control system using a DHT11 sensor to monitor temperature and humidity levels. The system efficiently manages a fan and a mist maker to maintain optimal conditions based on adjustable thresholds and hysteresis margins.

  Key Features and Outcomes:

  1. Sensor Integration:

     • The DHT11 sensor provides real-time temperature and humidity readings, ensuring accurate monitoring of the environment.

  2. Automated Control:

     • The system uses relay controls to operate the fan and mist maker based on predefined thresholds.
     • Temperature and humidity control logic incorporates hysteresis to prevent frequent toggling, enhancing the longevity and reliability of the system components.

  3. User Feedback:

     • Serial communication provides real-time updates on the system's status, including sensor readings and the operational state of the fan and mist maker.

  Operational Logic:

  • Temperature Control:
    • The fan is activated when the temperature exceeds 30.0°C and deactivated when it drops below 29.0°C, ensuring the environment stays within a comfortable range.
  • Humidity Control:
    • The mist maker is turned on when the humidity falls below 40% and turned off when it rises above 45%, maintaining optimal humidity levels.

  Reliability and Efficiency:

  • The system is designed to handle failures gracefully, with built-in checks for sensor reading errors, ensuring robust operation.
  • Initial setup ensures that both the fan and mist maker are off, providing a safe start-up procedure.

  Overall, the project successfully demonstrates an efficient and reliable solution for automated environmental control, suitable for various applications such as indoor farming, greenhouses, or climate-controlled environments. The modular design and adjustable parameters make it versatile and adaptable to different requirements.

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