Water level Indicator(STEAM Education)

Project : 40

 Water level Indicator

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Project Aim:

To learn and create about water level indication using a simple circuit.

Components Used:

1.    Power Supply	2.    Transistor NPN & PNP
3.     LEDs	4.     Resistor 100Ω, 220Ω, 4.7K, 10K
5.     Probes	6.     Connecting Wires

 

Circuit Diagram:

Connection Procedure:

Low Level Indicator Circuit:

Step 1: Connect the positive terminal of the power supply (Pin 62) to the emitter of the PNP transistor (Pin 35).

Step 2: Connect the collector of the PNP transistor (Pin 37) to the anode of the LED (Pin 47).

Step 3: Connect the cathode of the LED (Pin 48) to the negative terminal of the power supply (Pin 59).

Step 4: Connect the base of the PNP transistor (Pin 36) to one end of the 220Ω resistor (Pin 3).

Step 5: Connect the other end of the 220Ω resistor (Pin 4) to one end of the probe.

Step 6: Connect the other probe to the negative terminal of the power supply (Pin 59).

Medium Level Indicator Circuit:

Step 7: Connect the positive terminal of the power supply (Pin 63) to one end of the 100Ω resistor (Pin 1).

Step 8: Connect the other end of the 100Ω resistor (Pin 2) to the anode of the LED (Pin 45).

Step 9: Connect the cathode of the LED (Pin 46) to the collector of the NPN transistor (Pin 34).

Step 10: Connect the base of the NPN transistor (Pin 33) to one end of the 4.7K resistor (Pin 10).

Step 11: Connect the other end of the 4.7K resistor (Pin 9) to the positive terminal of the power supply (Pin 63).

Step 12: Connect one probe to the emitter of the NPN transistor (Pin 32).

Full Level Indicator Circuit:

Step 13: Connect the positive terminal of the power supply (Pin 64) to one end of the 220Ω resistor (Pin 3).

Step 14: Connect the other end of the 220Ω resistor (Pin 4) to the anode of the LED (Pin 43).

Step 15: Connect the cathode of the LED (Pin 44) to the collector of the NPN transistor (Pin 31).

Step 16: Connect the base of the NPN transistor (Pin 30) to one end of the 10K resistor (Pin 12).

Step 17: Connect the other end of the 10K resistor (Pin 11) to the positive terminal of the power supply (Pin 64).

Step 18: Connect one probe to the emitter of the NPN transistor (Pin 29).

Explanation:

In this project, we create a circuit using transistors, LEDs, and resistors to indicate the water level in a tank. The transistor acts as a switch, and when connected to a power supply, it activates the LEDs. As the water level rises, different LEDs light up to show the level: Red for low (25%), yellow for medium (50%), and green for full (100%). This project helps understand basic electronic components and their applications in practical scenarios like water level monitoring.